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radiotelemetric ecg and blood pressure transmitters hd-x11  (Data Sciences International)

 
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    Data Sciences International radiotelemetric ecg and blood pressure transmitters hd-x11
    a, b Telemetric <t>ECG</t> traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
    Radiotelemetric Ecg And Blood Pressure Transmitters Hd X11, supplied by Data Sciences International, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/blood+pressure+ecg+transmitter/pmc07641277-503-0-8?v=Data+Sciences+International
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    radiotelemetric ecg and blood pressure transmitters hd-x11 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
    90/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 controls the tonic entrainment process in sinoatrial node pacemaker cells"

    Article Title: cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 controls the tonic entrainment process in sinoatrial node pacemaker cells

    Journal: Nature Communications

    doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19304-9

    a, b Telemetric ECG traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
    Figure Legend Snippet: a, b Telemetric ECG traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Techniques Used: Optical Imaging, Activation Assay, Injection, MANN-WHITNEY, In Vivo, In Vitro, Isolation

    a Experimental setup consisting of a Langendorff-perfused heart preparation. VN vagal nerve, SE stimulating electrode, RE ECG recording electrodes. b, c RR tachograms of b WT and c HCN4FEA ECGs before, during (dotted lines), and after vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). d Mean number of sinus pauses in HCN4FEA hearts at different stimulation frequencies during VNS (3 Hz n = 1, 5 Hz n = 2, 10 Hz n = 5, 20 Hz n = 5, 30 Hz n = 6 biologically independent samples). Sinus pauses were not observed in WT hearts. e Activation map of a HCN4FEA biatrial preparation (top) before and (bottom) during VNS. f, g Position of the leading pacemaker in WT and HCN4FEA preparations before and during VNS. IAS: intra-atrial septum; IVC: inferior vena cava. h, i Combined telemetric blood pressure (BP) and ECG recordings. h (top) Arterial BP trace of a WT mouse during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with increasing systolic BP (up sequence; arrow). h (middle) Corresponding RR intervals. h (bottom) Plot of systolic BP (SBP) and corresponding RR intervals for a WT and HCN4FEA mouse (see methods for details). i BP trace during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with decreasing systolic BP (down sequence). j Total amount of up and down sequences ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals). k Mean slope of the RR/SBP relationship ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals; two-sided t -test; slope up: p = 0.0238; slope down: p = 0.0103). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
    Figure Legend Snippet: a Experimental setup consisting of a Langendorff-perfused heart preparation. VN vagal nerve, SE stimulating electrode, RE ECG recording electrodes. b, c RR tachograms of b WT and c HCN4FEA ECGs before, during (dotted lines), and after vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). d Mean number of sinus pauses in HCN4FEA hearts at different stimulation frequencies during VNS (3 Hz n = 1, 5 Hz n = 2, 10 Hz n = 5, 20 Hz n = 5, 30 Hz n = 6 biologically independent samples). Sinus pauses were not observed in WT hearts. e Activation map of a HCN4FEA biatrial preparation (top) before and (bottom) during VNS. f, g Position of the leading pacemaker in WT and HCN4FEA preparations before and during VNS. IAS: intra-atrial septum; IVC: inferior vena cava. h, i Combined telemetric blood pressure (BP) and ECG recordings. h (top) Arterial BP trace of a WT mouse during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with increasing systolic BP (up sequence; arrow). h (middle) Corresponding RR intervals. h (bottom) Plot of systolic BP (SBP) and corresponding RR intervals for a WT and HCN4FEA mouse (see methods for details). i BP trace during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with decreasing systolic BP (down sequence). j Total amount of up and down sequences ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals). k Mean slope of the RR/SBP relationship ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals; two-sided t -test; slope up: p = 0.0238; slope down: p = 0.0103). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Techniques Used: Activation Assay, Sequencing, In Vivo, In Vitro, Isolation

    a Telemetric ECG traces from a male HCN4FEA mouse with alternating episodes of sinus rhythm and junctional escape rhythm (JER) rhythm (left) and corresponding RR tachogram (right, top). Inset: During escape rhythm the P wave (red) occurs after the QRS complex. b Number of JER episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). c Optical action potentials (OAP) and surface ECGs recorded from a WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) Langendorff-perfused heart explanted from female mice. The HCN4FEA heart displays JER. The ventricular signal precedes the atrial signal in beat #3–5. d Activation maps determined from the OAP measurements shown in c . Right, activation maps for beats #1, and 3–5 were similar. Activation map for beat #2: anterograde activation of ventricles and retrograde activation of atria from the junction. e (upper panel) Conduction times determined from d . Numbers indicate atrial (top), atrioventricular (middle), and ventricular (bottom) conduction times in ms. Right, Beat 1: ventricles were activated 10 ms after atrial activation. Beat 3–5: ventricles were activated by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction before atria activation by the SAN. Beat 2: atrial and ventricular activation occurred simultaneously. e (lower panel) Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . f Right heart catheterisation of a Langendorff-heart preparation via the superior vena cava from male WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) animals. Surface (upper panel) and intracardiac ECGs (lower panel). Right, HCN4FEA Langendorff-perfused heart during JER induced by isoproterenol application. Inset: magnification of ECG traces. A His deflection (H, red) precedes the ventricular and atrial signal indicating that the subsidiary pacemaker is localised proximal to the bundle of His. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
    Figure Legend Snippet: a Telemetric ECG traces from a male HCN4FEA mouse with alternating episodes of sinus rhythm and junctional escape rhythm (JER) rhythm (left) and corresponding RR tachogram (right, top). Inset: During escape rhythm the P wave (red) occurs after the QRS complex. b Number of JER episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). c Optical action potentials (OAP) and surface ECGs recorded from a WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) Langendorff-perfused heart explanted from female mice. The HCN4FEA heart displays JER. The ventricular signal precedes the atrial signal in beat #3–5. d Activation maps determined from the OAP measurements shown in c . Right, activation maps for beats #1, and 3–5 were similar. Activation map for beat #2: anterograde activation of ventricles and retrograde activation of atria from the junction. e (upper panel) Conduction times determined from d . Numbers indicate atrial (top), atrioventricular (middle), and ventricular (bottom) conduction times in ms. Right, Beat 1: ventricles were activated 10 ms after atrial activation. Beat 3–5: ventricles were activated by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction before atria activation by the SAN. Beat 2: atrial and ventricular activation occurred simultaneously. e (lower panel) Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . f Right heart catheterisation of a Langendorff-heart preparation via the superior vena cava from male WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) animals. Surface (upper panel) and intracardiac ECGs (lower panel). Right, HCN4FEA Langendorff-perfused heart during JER induced by isoproterenol application. Inset: magnification of ECG traces. A His deflection (H, red) precedes the ventricular and atrial signal indicating that the subsidiary pacemaker is localised proximal to the bundle of His. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Techniques Used: Activity Assay, Activation Assay

    a, b Telemetric ECG trace (top) and corresponding arterial blood pressure recordings (bottom) from a male HCN4FEA mouse during IAVD. Characteristic flirtatious P waves indicate the presence of two independent pacemakers (top and inset). Concomitantly with the successive decrease in PR intervals, blood pressure dropped (bottom). b (top and inset) The P wave is hidden within the QRS complex, located behind or before the QRS complex. Blood pressure starts to normalise when PR normalises (bottom). c Number of IAVD episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). d OAPs and surface ECG recorded from a female HCN4FEA whole-heart preparation during IAVD. e (left) Activation maps of beat #1 determined from the recordings presented in d showing IAVD ex vivo. Activation maps for beats 1, 2, 3, and 5 were similar. Right: activation map of beat #4. f Ladder diagrams for beats #1–5. Beat #1 and 3: normal activation arising from SAN with regular and constant PR; beat #2, 4, and 5: IAVD with shortened or negative PR indicating that the atria are activated by SAN and ventricles by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction. Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
    Figure Legend Snippet: a, b Telemetric ECG trace (top) and corresponding arterial blood pressure recordings (bottom) from a male HCN4FEA mouse during IAVD. Characteristic flirtatious P waves indicate the presence of two independent pacemakers (top and inset). Concomitantly with the successive decrease in PR intervals, blood pressure dropped (bottom). b (top and inset) The P wave is hidden within the QRS complex, located behind or before the QRS complex. Blood pressure starts to normalise when PR normalises (bottom). c Number of IAVD episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). d OAPs and surface ECG recorded from a female HCN4FEA whole-heart preparation during IAVD. e (left) Activation maps of beat #1 determined from the recordings presented in d showing IAVD ex vivo. Activation maps for beats 1, 2, 3, and 5 were similar. Right: activation map of beat #4. f Ladder diagrams for beats #1–5. Beat #1 and 3: normal activation arising from SAN with regular and constant PR; beat #2, 4, and 5: IAVD with shortened or negative PR indicating that the atria are activated by SAN and ventricles by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction. Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Techniques Used: Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Ex Vivo



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    a, b Telemetric <t>ECG</t> traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
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    a, b Telemetric <t>ECG</t> traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
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    Image Search Results


    a, b Telemetric ECG traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Journal: Nature Communications

    Article Title: cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 controls the tonic entrainment process in sinoatrial node pacemaker cells

    doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19304-9

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a, b Telemetric ECG traces obtained from a conscious, freely moving a WT mouse and b HCN4FEA mouse. Insets: Extended ECG traces. c Mean, minimum, and maximum HR determined from 72-h RR intervals (WT: n = 9, HCN4FEA: n = 11; two-sided t -test; mean HR: p = 0.0019, min HR: p = 0.0040, max HR: p = 0.0383). d HR histograms of a WT (light gray) and HCN4FEA mouse (orange) determined from 72-h (12 h/12 h light/dark cycle) ECGs. e Determination of sinoatrial conduction time) with optical imaging measurements. Activation map of a biatrial WT SAN preparation (upper panel) and optical action potentials (OAP) (lower panel) from the leading pacemaker site in the SAN (dark blue) and from the earliest atrial excitation site within the crista terminalis (CT; light blue). SACT is determined as the time difference of activation time points indicated by asterisk. f SACT in WT and HCN4FEA SAN preparations ( n = 7 WT + 8 HCN4FEA biologically independent samples; two-sided t -test; p = 0.0029). g Comet-shaped Poincaré plots in HCN4FEA mice (orange). h Frequency domain power spectral density plots obtained from a WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mouse. i Tachograms of WT (black) and HCN4FEA (orange) mice before and after subsequent injection of propranolol (20 mg/kg i.p) and atropine (1 mg/kg i.p). Arrows indicate timepoint of injection (WT: n = 5, HCN4FEA: n = 3). j Mean basal HR and HR after successive injection of propranolol and atropine ( n = 5 WT + 3 HCN4FEA animals; Mann–Whitney U test; basal: p = 0.03571, P: p = 0.07143, P + A: p = 0.03571). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test; + Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Article Snippet: Combined radiotelemetric ECG and blood pressure transmitters (HD-X11, Data Sciences International, USA) were implanted.

    Techniques: Optical Imaging, Activation Assay, Injection, MANN-WHITNEY, In Vivo, In Vitro, Isolation

    a Experimental setup consisting of a Langendorff-perfused heart preparation. VN vagal nerve, SE stimulating electrode, RE ECG recording electrodes. b, c RR tachograms of b WT and c HCN4FEA ECGs before, during (dotted lines), and after vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). d Mean number of sinus pauses in HCN4FEA hearts at different stimulation frequencies during VNS (3 Hz n = 1, 5 Hz n = 2, 10 Hz n = 5, 20 Hz n = 5, 30 Hz n = 6 biologically independent samples). Sinus pauses were not observed in WT hearts. e Activation map of a HCN4FEA biatrial preparation (top) before and (bottom) during VNS. f, g Position of the leading pacemaker in WT and HCN4FEA preparations before and during VNS. IAS: intra-atrial septum; IVC: inferior vena cava. h, i Combined telemetric blood pressure (BP) and ECG recordings. h (top) Arterial BP trace of a WT mouse during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with increasing systolic BP (up sequence; arrow). h (middle) Corresponding RR intervals. h (bottom) Plot of systolic BP (SBP) and corresponding RR intervals for a WT and HCN4FEA mouse (see methods for details). i BP trace during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with decreasing systolic BP (down sequence). j Total amount of up and down sequences ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals). k Mean slope of the RR/SBP relationship ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals; two-sided t -test; slope up: p = 0.0238; slope down: p = 0.0103). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Journal: Nature Communications

    Article Title: cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 controls the tonic entrainment process in sinoatrial node pacemaker cells

    doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19304-9

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a Experimental setup consisting of a Langendorff-perfused heart preparation. VN vagal nerve, SE stimulating electrode, RE ECG recording electrodes. b, c RR tachograms of b WT and c HCN4FEA ECGs before, during (dotted lines), and after vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). d Mean number of sinus pauses in HCN4FEA hearts at different stimulation frequencies during VNS (3 Hz n = 1, 5 Hz n = 2, 10 Hz n = 5, 20 Hz n = 5, 30 Hz n = 6 biologically independent samples). Sinus pauses were not observed in WT hearts. e Activation map of a HCN4FEA biatrial preparation (top) before and (bottom) during VNS. f, g Position of the leading pacemaker in WT and HCN4FEA preparations before and during VNS. IAS: intra-atrial septum; IVC: inferior vena cava. h, i Combined telemetric blood pressure (BP) and ECG recordings. h (top) Arterial BP trace of a WT mouse during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with increasing systolic BP (up sequence; arrow). h (middle) Corresponding RR intervals. h (bottom) Plot of systolic BP (SBP) and corresponding RR intervals for a WT and HCN4FEA mouse (see methods for details). i BP trace during a short sequence of three consecutive beats with decreasing systolic BP (down sequence). j Total amount of up and down sequences ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals). k Mean slope of the RR/SBP relationship ( n = 9 WT + 11 HCN4FEA animals; two-sided t -test; slope up: p = 0.0238; slope down: p = 0.0103). In vivo experiments were performed using male animals. In vitro experiments were performed using tissue isolated from female animals. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Significance levels: *student´s paired t -test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Article Snippet: Combined radiotelemetric ECG and blood pressure transmitters (HD-X11, Data Sciences International, USA) were implanted.

    Techniques: Activation Assay, Sequencing, In Vivo, In Vitro, Isolation

    a Telemetric ECG traces from a male HCN4FEA mouse with alternating episodes of sinus rhythm and junctional escape rhythm (JER) rhythm (left) and corresponding RR tachogram (right, top). Inset: During escape rhythm the P wave (red) occurs after the QRS complex. b Number of JER episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). c Optical action potentials (OAP) and surface ECGs recorded from a WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) Langendorff-perfused heart explanted from female mice. The HCN4FEA heart displays JER. The ventricular signal precedes the atrial signal in beat #3–5. d Activation maps determined from the OAP measurements shown in c . Right, activation maps for beats #1, and 3–5 were similar. Activation map for beat #2: anterograde activation of ventricles and retrograde activation of atria from the junction. e (upper panel) Conduction times determined from d . Numbers indicate atrial (top), atrioventricular (middle), and ventricular (bottom) conduction times in ms. Right, Beat 1: ventricles were activated 10 ms after atrial activation. Beat 3–5: ventricles were activated by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction before atria activation by the SAN. Beat 2: atrial and ventricular activation occurred simultaneously. e (lower panel) Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . f Right heart catheterisation of a Langendorff-heart preparation via the superior vena cava from male WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) animals. Surface (upper panel) and intracardiac ECGs (lower panel). Right, HCN4FEA Langendorff-perfused heart during JER induced by isoproterenol application. Inset: magnification of ECG traces. A His deflection (H, red) precedes the ventricular and atrial signal indicating that the subsidiary pacemaker is localised proximal to the bundle of His. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Journal: Nature Communications

    Article Title: cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 controls the tonic entrainment process in sinoatrial node pacemaker cells

    doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19304-9

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a Telemetric ECG traces from a male HCN4FEA mouse with alternating episodes of sinus rhythm and junctional escape rhythm (JER) rhythm (left) and corresponding RR tachogram (right, top). Inset: During escape rhythm the P wave (red) occurs after the QRS complex. b Number of JER episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). c Optical action potentials (OAP) and surface ECGs recorded from a WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) Langendorff-perfused heart explanted from female mice. The HCN4FEA heart displays JER. The ventricular signal precedes the atrial signal in beat #3–5. d Activation maps determined from the OAP measurements shown in c . Right, activation maps for beats #1, and 3–5 were similar. Activation map for beat #2: anterograde activation of ventricles and retrograde activation of atria from the junction. e (upper panel) Conduction times determined from d . Numbers indicate atrial (top), atrioventricular (middle), and ventricular (bottom) conduction times in ms. Right, Beat 1: ventricles were activated 10 ms after atrial activation. Beat 3–5: ventricles were activated by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction before atria activation by the SAN. Beat 2: atrial and ventricular activation occurred simultaneously. e (lower panel) Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . f Right heart catheterisation of a Langendorff-heart preparation via the superior vena cava from male WT (left) and HCN4FEA (right) animals. Surface (upper panel) and intracardiac ECGs (lower panel). Right, HCN4FEA Langendorff-perfused heart during JER induced by isoproterenol application. Inset: magnification of ECG traces. A His deflection (H, red) precedes the ventricular and atrial signal indicating that the subsidiary pacemaker is localised proximal to the bundle of His. Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Article Snippet: Combined radiotelemetric ECG and blood pressure transmitters (HD-X11, Data Sciences International, USA) were implanted.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Activation Assay

    a, b Telemetric ECG trace (top) and corresponding arterial blood pressure recordings (bottom) from a male HCN4FEA mouse during IAVD. Characteristic flirtatious P waves indicate the presence of two independent pacemakers (top and inset). Concomitantly with the successive decrease in PR intervals, blood pressure dropped (bottom). b (top and inset) The P wave is hidden within the QRS complex, located behind or before the QRS complex. Blood pressure starts to normalise when PR normalises (bottom). c Number of IAVD episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). d OAPs and surface ECG recorded from a female HCN4FEA whole-heart preparation during IAVD. e (left) Activation maps of beat #1 determined from the recordings presented in d showing IAVD ex vivo. Activation maps for beats 1, 2, 3, and 5 were similar. Right: activation map of beat #4. f Ladder diagrams for beats #1–5. Beat #1 and 3: normal activation arising from SAN with regular and constant PR; beat #2, 4, and 5: IAVD with shortened or negative PR indicating that the atria are activated by SAN and ventricles by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction. Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Journal: Nature Communications

    Article Title: cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 controls the tonic entrainment process in sinoatrial node pacemaker cells

    doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19304-9

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a, b Telemetric ECG trace (top) and corresponding arterial blood pressure recordings (bottom) from a male HCN4FEA mouse during IAVD. Characteristic flirtatious P waves indicate the presence of two independent pacemakers (top and inset). Concomitantly with the successive decrease in PR intervals, blood pressure dropped (bottom). b (top and inset) The P wave is hidden within the QRS complex, located behind or before the QRS complex. Blood pressure starts to normalise when PR normalises (bottom). c Number of IAVD episodes during 3 h in low activity phase ( n = 11 HCN4FEA animals). d OAPs and surface ECG recorded from a female HCN4FEA whole-heart preparation during IAVD. e (left) Activation maps of beat #1 determined from the recordings presented in d showing IAVD ex vivo. Activation maps for beats 1, 2, 3, and 5 were similar. Right: activation map of beat #4. f Ladder diagrams for beats #1–5. Beat #1 and 3: normal activation arising from SAN with regular and constant PR; beat #2, 4, and 5: IAVD with shortened or negative PR indicating that the atria are activated by SAN and ventricles by a subsidiary pacemaker close to the AV junction. Schematic ladder diagrams were determined from the measurements shown in d, e . Boxplots show the median line, perc 25/75, and min/max value; open symbols represent the mean value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

    Article Snippet: Combined radiotelemetric ECG and blood pressure transmitters (HD-X11, Data Sciences International, USA) were implanted.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Ex Vivo